Kualitas Udara Jakarta Makin Tak Sehat, Pj Gubernur Dorong Percepatan Penggunaan Kendaraan Listrik

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Dalam dua pekan terakhir, Jakarta telah beberapa kali menduduki peringkat pertama sebagai kota dengan polusi udara terburuk di dunia berdasarkan data IQAir. Pegiat lingkungan khawatir kondisi udara di Jakarta bakal semakin parah. (foto: istimewa)

RADAR TANGSEL RATAS – Penjabat (Pj) Gubernur DKI Jakarta Heru Budi Hartono membeberkan upaya pemerintah daerah dalam menangani kualitas udara tak sehat. Heru mendorong percepatan peralihan kendaraan berbahan bakar minyak (BBM) menjadi listrik.

“Ya dipercepat motor listrik, mobil listrik, terus bahan bakarnya yang memang memenuhi syarat. Ya harus semua pihak harus mengikut dong,” kata Heru Budi Kepada wartawan di Kuningan Timur, Jakarta Selatan, Senin (12/6/2023).

Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) DKI Jakarta sebelumnya membeberkan penyebab kualitas udara di Jakarta yang dilaporkan tak sehat. Salah satunya lantaran jumlah emisi yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas warga mengalami peningkatan.

“Kualitas udara selain dipengaruhi oleh sumber emisi di mana pada kondisi pasca COVID, saat ini aktivitas manusia yang menghasilkan emisi kembali meningkat,” ungkap Kepala Dinas LH DKI Jakarta Asep Kuswanto dalam keterangannya, Kamis (8/6/2023).

Selain itu, faktor meteorologi juga turut mempengaruhi kualitas udara saat ini. Tercatat, terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi polutan udara ketika memasuki musim kemarau di bulan Mei hingga Agustus. Asep menyampaikan kondisi itu akan mengalami penurunan ketika memasuki musim penghujan di bulan September-Desember mendatang.

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“Hal tersebut terlihat dari tren konsentrasi PM2,5 tahun 2019 sampai 2023. Konsentrasi rata-rata bulanan PM2,5 bulan April 2023 sebesar 29,75 g/m3 menjadi 50,21 g/m3 di bulan Mei 2023, tapi konsentrasi tersebut masih lebih rendah bila dibandingkan Mei 2019 saat kondisi normal, yaitu sebesar 54,38 g/m3,” papar Asep.

“Curah hujan akan membantu peluruhan polutan yang melayang di udara, sehingga ketika memasuki musim kemarau hal tersebut tidak terjadi,” Ia menambahkan.

Lebih lanjut, kecepatan angin yang rendah di Jakarta juga berimbas pada stagnasi pergerakan udara sehingga polutan udara akan terakumulasi. Kondisi tersebut dapat memicu produksi polutan udara lain seperti ozon permukaan 03, yang keberadaannya dapat diindikasikan dari penurunan jarak pandang.

“Pola arah angin permukaan memperlihatkan pergerakan massa udara dari arah timur dan timur laut yang menuju Jakarta, dan memberikan dampak terhadap akumulasi konsentrasi PM2.5 di Jakarta,” ujar Asep.

Kemudian, kata Asep, kelembaban udara relatif yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan munculnya lapisan inversi dekat permukaan. Lapisan inversi merupakan lapisan di udara yang ditandai dengan peningkatan suhu udara yang seiring dengan peningkatan ketinggian lapisan. (ARH)

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